ทางเลือกใหม่ในการรกัษาภาวะสายตายาวตามวยัด้วยการใช้ยา A New Pharmacological Treatment Option for Presbyopia
Abstract
Presbyopia is a progressive age-related ocular condition that begins to interfere with daily life from around the age of 40, characterized by a gradual decline in the ability to focus on near objects due to loss of elasticity of the crystalline lens and age-related deterioration of the ciliary muscle. Reading glasses still the treatment of choice in this condition. Pharmacologic treatment has emerged as a novel option that may reduce surgical risks and improve near vision ability. In 2021, the first drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration was 1.25% pilocarpine, which induces pupil constriction through non-selective stimulation, thereby improving near and intermediate vision without significantly affecting distance vision. Onset of action is approximately 15 minutes, with a duration of 6–8 hours. In 2023, 0.4% pilocarpine formulation was developed to reduce adverse effects related to muscarinic receptor stimulation. Most recently, in 2025, 1.44% aceclidine was introduced; although it has a mechanism of action similar to pilocarpine, it is more receptor-selective, potentially reducing side effects and retinal traction. Nevertheless, long-term outcomes and safety still require continued monitoring.Downloads
References
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